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A progressive bone disease marked by a drop in bone mass and density that results in weak bones and a higher risk of fractures is osteoporosis. Often referred to as a "silent disease," it normally starts without symptoms and then advances—usually in the hip, spine, or wrist— until a fracture results. Because diminishing oestrogen levels are so important for bone strength, this disorder mostly affects older persons, especially women following menopause.
Bone constantly breaks down and rebuilds living tissue. In osteoporosis, the loss of old bone outpaces the formation of fresh bone. Lacking body weight, smoking, too much alcohol, and a diet lacking in calcium and vitamin D are among the risk factors.
Bone density examinations can facilitate the early detection of osteoporosis, thereby aiding in its control before significant damage occurs. Treatments include weight-bearing activities, calcium and vitamin D supplements, lifestyle modifications, and drugs either slowing down or encouraging bone loss or formation.
Key to lowering the risk of osteoporosis is preventative actions such as keeping a balanced diet, avoiding alcohol and smoking, and frequent physical exercise. Good management helps people maintain mobility and lowers their risk of fractures.