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Targeting mostly the brain and spinal cord, multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that compromises the central nervous system. In MS, the immune system targets the protective sheath (myelin) covering nerve fibres, disrupting communication between the brain and the rest of the body. With time, this damage might cause chronic nerve degradation or damage.
The location and degree of nerve injury will affect the many MS symptoms experienced. Typical complaints include tiredness, numbness or tingling, visual issues, muscular weakness, poor coordination, and trouble with speech or mobility. MS can strike in episodes of relapsing-remitting or proceed slowly across time.
While the exact cause of MS remains unknown, experts believe that environmental factors, infections, and genetic elements may play a role. These might comprise lifestyle changes, physical therapy, and immunotherapy.
Improvement of quality of life depends mostly on early diagnosis and management. Many people with MS can lead busy and joyful lives with appropriate medical treatment and support.