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Circulatory infection (bacteraemia) is when germs enter the circulation and circulate. Although these bacteria may be cleared naturally by the immune system at times, prolonged bacteraemia may lead to significant problems such as sepsis, septic shock and multi-organ failure. It is often due to infections of the lungs, urinary system, skin or surgical wounds, but can also occur after invasive medical procedures or contaminated intravenous catheters.

Common symptoms include fever, chills, fast heart rate, low blood pressure, disorientation, weakness and difficulty breathing. In difficult situations, symptoms can quickly deteriorate and need emergency medical intervention. “The highest risk groups are those who are immunocompromised, have chronic illnesses or medical devices.

The diagnosis is generally made from blood cultures to identify the bacteria responsible and blood tests and imaging scans to find the site of illness. Treatment is aimed at the underlying cause but typically includes intravenous antibiotics, supportive care, and removal of infected equipment as necessary.

Preventing Bloodstream Infections: Good cleanliness and timely treatment of infections, sterile medical procedures, and adequate care of intravenous lines and wounds can help prevent bloodstream infections. Early diagnosis and proper therapy greatly improve recovery and reduce the danger of life-threatening consequences of bacteraemia.