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Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted primarily through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti. Dengue is caused by one of four closely related dengue virus types, and infection with one type does not provide complete protection against the others.

Symptoms usually appear several days after infection and may include sudden high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint aches, nausea, vomiting, and skin rash. Most cases improve with supportive care, but some patients develop severe dengue, which may cause bleeding, fluid leakage, shock, breathing difficulties, or organ complications.

Diagnosis can involve blood tests that detect viral components or antibodies, depending on the stage of illness. Treatment mainly focuses on adequate fluids, rest, fever control, and careful monitoring. Aspirin and certain anti-inflammatory medicines are generally avoided when bleeding risk is present.

Prevention relies on reducing mosquito exposure and eliminating standing water where mosquitoes breed. Using repellents, wearing protective clothing, installing screens, and maintaining clean surroundings can lower transmission. Early medical assessment is important, particularly when warning signs such as persistent vomiting, abdominal pain, bleeding, extreme weakness, or restlessness develop.