Medical Services

Iron deficiency occurs when the body does not have enough iron to produce adequate haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen. It is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies and can develop gradually before causing noticeable symptoms. Common causes include inadequate dietary iron, increased requirements during pregnancy or growth, poor absorption, and chronic blood loss from conditions such as heavy menstrual bleeding or gastrointestinal disorders.

Early symptoms may include tiredness, weakness, reduced concentration, headaches, dizziness, and pale skin. As deficiency progresses, it can lead to iron deficiency anaemia, causing more significant fatigue, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, and reduced physical performance. Some people may also experience brittle nails, hair loss, or unusual cravings for non-food substances, known as pica.

Diagnosis usually involves blood tests such as a complete blood count, serum ferritin, and other iron studies. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include improving dietary iron intake or taking prescribed oral iron supplements. In certain cases, intravenous iron may be recommended when oral treatment is ineffective or poorly tolerated.

Identifying and treating the underlying cause is essential to prevent recurrence. A balanced diet containing iron-rich foods such as lean meat, legumes, leafy vegetables, fortified cereals, and nuts can support healthy iron levels.