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Protein C Deficiency is a blood-clotting disorder in which the body has insufficient or poorly functioning protein C, a natural anticoagulant that helps prevent excessive clot formation. The condition may be inherited through genetic changes or develop later because of certain medical conditions, liver disease, vitamin K deficiency, or medications.

People with Protein C Deficiency have an increased tendency to develop abnormal blood clots, particularly in the veins. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are common complications. Some individuals remain symptom-free until a clot develops, while others may experience repeated episodes, especially during surgery, pregnancy, prolonged immobility, or periods of illness.

Diagnosis usually involves blood tests that measure protein C activity and antigen levels, along with medical and family history. Genetic testing may be considered when an inherited form is suspected.

Treatment depends on the severity and individual risk of thrombosis. Anticoagulant medicines may be prescribed to prevent or treat blood clots. In severe cases, particularly among newborns, specialized replacement therapy may be required. Preventive measures such as maintaining mobility, managing risk factors, and following medical advice can reduce complications. Early diagnosis and appropriate monitoring are important for preventing recurrent thrombosis and supporting long-term health.