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Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is a common inherited bleeding disorder caused by reduced or impaired activity of von Willebrand factor (VWF), a protein essential for normal blood clotting. VWF helps platelets attach to damaged blood vessels and also carries and protects clotting factor VIII. When VWF is deficient or does not function properly, bleeding may last longer than expected.

The condition can affect people of all ages and may vary from very mild to severe. Common symptoms include frequent nosebleeds, easy bruising, prolonged bleeding after cuts, heavy menstrual periods, and excessive bleeding following dental procedures, surgery, or injury. Some individuals may have few noticeable symptoms and remain undiagnosed for years.

VWD is usually inherited, although acquired forms can occur rarely. Diagnosis generally involves reviewing personal and family bleeding history along with blood tests that measure VWF levels, activity, and related clotting factors. Because VWF levels can fluctuate, repeated testing may sometimes be necessary.

Treatment depends on the type and severity of the disease. Options may include desmopressin, VWF replacement therapy, antifibrinolytic medicines, and supportive measures to control bleeding. People with VWD should inform healthcare professionals about their condition before surgery or invasive procedures. With appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and preventive care, most individuals can effectively manage the disorder and maintain an active lifestyle.