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Aplastic Anaemia is an uncommon but deadly blood condition in which the bone marrow does not make enough healthy blood cells. This deficit can affect red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets at the same time. Patients can report ongoing fatigue, weakness, pale complexion, recurrent infections, fever, easy bruising, nosebleeds or bleeding for longer than normal after minor traumas.
It can occur when the immune system destroys stem cells in the bone marrow, but drugs, harmful chemicals, radiation, viral infections, and hereditary disorders can also play a role. Sometimes no cause can be found, and the condition is called 'idiopathic aplastic anaemia'.

Doctors usually diagnose it with blood tests showing low blood cell counts and a bone marrow biopsy to assess cell production. Treatment depends on the severity of the disease, age, general health and the underlying cause. Treatment may involve supportive blood or platelet transfusions, medications to decrease aberrant immune activity, growth factors, or stem cell transplantation.

Early diagnosis and treatment are critical since severe aplastic anaemia can cause major infections, severe bleeding, and problems caused by inadequate oxygen supply. Routine follow-up with a haematologist is important to check blood levels, response to treatment and any problems.