Medical Services

Body composition imbalance is when fat mass, lean mass (muscle, bone, organs) and body water are not properly distributed for health and function. This imbalance may be characterised by excess adiposity (particularly visceral fat), low muscle mass (sarcopenia), or incorrect fluid distribution; each of these patterns increases the risk of cardiometabolic disease, poorer mobility, poor wound healing, hormonal abnormalities, and decreased exercise tolerance. Causes include prolonged caloric surplus or deficit, sedentary lifestyle, ageing, hormonal changes, chronic disease, certain medications, and poor protein intake or resistance exercise. Genetics and sleep/stress influence composition.

Clinical assessment techniques to discriminate between weight and unhealthy fat or muscle loss include bioelectrical impedance, DEXA, anthropometry and waist measurements. Management targets specific lifestyle changes: progressive resistance training and sufficient protein to regain or maintain lean mass, energy-adjusted diets with quality macronutrients to reduce excess fat, sleep optimisation, and correction of underlying medical conditions or medications that cause imbalance. Periodic measures of body composition, rather than scale weight alone, increase treatment individualisation and long-term results by tracking improvement. Early detection and an integrated exercise-nutrition-medical strategy provide improved functional and metabolic recovery.