Medical Services

Folate deficiency is a nutritional condition caused by inadequate levels of folate (vitamin B9), an essential nutrient required for DNA synthesis, red blood cell production, and healthy cell growth. It commonly develops due to poor dietary intake, malabsorption disorders, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medications, increased nutritional demands during pregnancy, or after bariatric surgery, where nutrient absorption may be reduced.

Symptoms often develop gradually and include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, poor concentration, irritability, headaches, and a sore, swollen tongue. Folate deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia, in which the body produces abnormally large, immature red blood cells that cannot function efficiently. During pregnancy, inadequate folate significantly increases the risk of neural tube defects in the developing baby.

Diagnosis involves blood tests to measure folate levels, complete blood count (CBC), and evaluation of vitamin B12 levels to distinguish between similar deficiencies. Identifying the underlying cause is important for effective treatment.

Treatment includes increasing dietary intake of folate-rich foods such as leafy green vegetables, legumes, citrus fruits, fortified cereals, and nuts. Oral folic acid supplements are commonly prescribed, while underlying medical conditions should also be addressed. Regular monitoring and a balanced diet help restore normal folate levels, prevent complications, and support overall health.