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Congestive Heart Failure(CHF) is a chronic cardiovascular condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently to meet the body's needs. As the heart's pumping ability weakens, blood and fluid can accumulate in the lungs, legs, abdomen, and other tissues, leading to congestion and reduced oxygen delivery. CHF may result from conditions such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, heart valve disorders, cardiomyopathy, or previous heart attacks.

Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in the ankles and feet, rapid weight gain due to fluid retention, persistent cough, and reduced exercise tolerance. Depending on the affected side of the heart, patients may experience pulmonary congestion or systemic fluid buildup.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, chest X-rays, and other cardiac imaging studies. Treatment focuses on improving heart function, relieving symptoms, and preventing hospitalizations. Lifestyle modifications such as reducing salt intake, maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, and quitting smoking play a vital role. Medications including diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and newer heart failure therapies are commonly prescribed. In advanced cases, implantable devices or surgical interventions may be required. With proper management, many individuals with CHF can maintain a better quality of life.