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Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction (BVH) is a disorder in which the balance organs of both inner ears lose part or all of their normal function. The vestibular system plays a crucial role in maintaining balance, stabilizing vision during head movements, and helping the body sense its position in space. When both vestibular systems are impaired, individuals may experience chronic imbalance, unsteady walking, difficulty standing in the dark, and blurred vision during movement, a symptom known as oscillopsia.

Unlike vertigo, which creates a spinning sensation, BVH more commonly causes persistent instability and difficulty with mobility. Common causes include certain medications that can damage the inner ear, autoimmune disorders, infections, genetic conditions, head injuries, and age-related degeneration. In some cases, the exact cause remains unknown.

Diagnosis involves a detailed medical history, physical examination, and specialized vestibular function tests that assess balance and eye movements. Early identification is important to prevent falls and improve quality of life.

Treatment primarily focuses on vestibular rehabilitation therapy, which helps the brain adapt to reduced vestibular input. Balance training, strength exercises, and lifestyle modifications can improve stability and confidence. Although vestibular function may not fully recover, many individuals achieve significant functional improvement through consistent rehabilitation and supportive care.