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Aortic regurgitation is a heart valve disorder where the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to leak back into the left ventricle after each heartbeat. This backward flow increases the heart’s workload, leading to enlargement of the left ventricle and reduced efficiency in pumping blood to the body. Causes include congenital valve abnormalities, rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis, and age-related degeneration. Symptoms often develop gradually and may include fatigue, shortness of breath, palpitations, chest pain, and swelling in the ankles. In severe cases, patients may experience heart failure.

Diagnosis typically involves echocardiography, chest X-rays, and electrocardiograms to assess valve function and heart size. Treatment depends on severity: mild cases may be managed with medications to reduce blood pressure and control symptoms, while advanced cases often require surgical valve repair or replacement. Lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a heart-healthy diet, and avoiding smoking can help slow progression. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial to prevent complications and improve quality of life. With proper management, many individuals with aortic regurgitation can lead active, fulfilling lives.