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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is when the walls of the heart’s ventricles become excessively rigid and don’t relax and fill with blood as they should. As with other cardiomyopathies, the heart muscle may or may not be thickened or enlarged, but its lack of flexibility greatly inhibits normal cardiac function. This disorder can lead to poor blood circulation and elevated pressure in the chambers of the heart.
RCM may be caused by inherited genetic factors, or secondary causes include amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, hemochromatosis, or connective tissue disorders. Common symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, leg or stomach swelling, difficulty exercising, and abnormal heart rhythms. Signs of congestive heart failure may be present as the condition advances.

The diagnosis is usually made by echocardiography, electrocardiograms, cardiac MRIs, blood testing, and sometimes a heart biopsy to identify the underlying cause. Treatment is directed toward symptom control and treatment of underlying problems. You might be prescribed medication, such as diuretics, blood pressure medication, and anti-arrhythmic medication.

In severe circumstances, sophisticated therapy, such as implanted devices or heart transplantation, may be indicated. The patients benefit from regular medical follow-up, lifestyle changes and early intervention for better control of symptoms and overall quality of life.