Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy

Ischaemic cardiomyopathy happens when the coronary arteries become narrowed by the development of plaque, depriving the heart muscle of oxygen-rich blood. This injury, commonly after a cardiac attack, makes the left ventricle get larger and weaker, so it doesn’t pump as well. The heart is unable to meet the body’s demands, and the patients are susceptible to arrhythmias and fluid overload.
Signs and symptoms

Symptoms often include shortness of breath with activity or rest, swelling in the legs/feet (oedema), tiredness that affects your everyday activities, and rapid weight gain from fluid retention. Other complications include chest pain (angina), palpitations, dizziness, fainting, coughing, and congestion.

Ischaemic cardiomyopathy is mainly caused by decreased blood flow. This figure depicts how plaque narrows the arteries.

Causes and Risk Factors

Affecting systolic function. Coronary artery disease or a previous myocardial infarction are the most common causes. Diabetes, hypertension, smoking, high cholesterol, and obesity increase the risks. The condition leads to dilatation and remodelling of the ventricles.

Diagnosis and Therapeutics

A diagnosis is made using ECG, echocardiography, stress tests, and angiography. Management comprises drugs such as ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and diuretics; revascularisation (PCI/CABG); devices (ICD/CRT); and lifestyle adjustments. In advanced situations, a transplant may be required.