Heart Block

Heart Block, also called atrioventricular (AV) block, is a condition in which the electrical signals controlling the heartbeat are delayed or interrupted as they travel from the upper chambers (atria) to the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart. This disruption affects the heart’s normal rhythm and can range from mild to severe. Heart block is classified into three main types: first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree (complete) heart block, with severity increasing at each stage.

Common causes include aging-related degeneration of the heart’s electrical system, Coronary Artery Disease, prior heart attack, certain medications, congenital heart defects, or infections affecting the heart. Symptoms may include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath, chest discomfort, or a noticeably slow heartbeat, though mild cases may show no symptoms.

Diagnosis typically involves an Electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitoring, or other cardiac tests to assess electrical activity. Treatment depends on severity; mild cases may only require monitoring, while advanced heart block often needs a Pacemaker to regulate heartbeat. Early diagnosis and treatment help prevent complications and improve overall heart function and quality of life.