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Tricuspid valve disease is a condition in which the tricuspid valve (the valve that controls blood flow between the heart’s right atrium and right ventricle) is damaged or does not work well. If this valve does not open or close properly, it can cause two serious complications. Stenosis is when the valve narrows and inhibits the flow of blood. Regurgitation is when blood flows backward into the atrium. Both disorders put additional strain on the heart and may make it less efficient over time.

Tricuspid valve disease can be caused by congenital heart defects, infections such as rheumatic fever or endocarditis, or enlargement of the right ventricle from other heart or lung diseases. Symptoms frequently develop slowly and may include tiredness, breathlessness, swelling of the legs or abdomen, irregular heart rate and diminished ability to exercise.

Diagnosis usually involves imaging procedures, such as echocardiography, electrocardiograms, and sometimes cardiac MRI, to analyse the function of the valve and the structure of the heart. Treatment depends on severity. It can involve drugs to control symptoms or surgical valve repair or replacement in severe cases. An early diagnosis and regular medical follow-up can greatly improve the prognosis and quality of life for people affected.