Medical Services

Vaginal cancer is a rare gynecological malignancy that develops in the tissues of the vagina, the muscular canal connecting the uterus to the external genitalia. It most commonly affects older women, though it can occur at any age. Early stages may produce minimal or no symptoms, which can delay diagnosis. When present, symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, watery discharge, pelvic pain, painful intercourse, or a noticeable vaginal mass.

There are different types of vaginal cancer, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most prevalent, often linked to long-term human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Other risk factors include prior cervical cancer, smoking, weakened immunity, and in-utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES). Regular gynecological examinations and Pap tests play an important role in identifying precancerous changes.

Diagnosis involves pelvic examination, colposcopy, biopsy, and imaging studies to assess the extent of disease. Treatment depends on the cancer’s stage, size, and location, as well as the patient’s overall health. Options may include radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

Although vaginal cancer is uncommon, early detection improves treatment outcomes. Awareness of symptoms, HPV vaccination, and routine gynecological care are essential in reducing risk and improving survival.