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Intrinsic Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) happens when the kidney's own structures, like the tubules, glomeruli, interstitium, or blood arteries, are directly damaged. This makes it difficult for the kidneys to filter and get rid of waste. Prerenal AKI occurs due to reduced blood flow, whereas intrinsic AKI arises from direct tissue injury. Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) and Glomerulonephritis are the two most common causes.

ATN often results from prolonged ischaemia, toxic agents, or nephrotoxic drugs, causing tubular cell death and dysfunction. Patients may exhibit diminished urine output, elevated serum creatinine levels, and electrolyte imbalances. On the other side, glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli that the immune system creates. This leads to proteinuria, haematuria, and oedema.

To find out what's wrong with the body, doctors frequently do urine tests, kidney function tests, and sometimes a biopsy. Management focuses on treating the cause, which means avoiding medicines that are harmful to the kidneys, decreasing infections or inflammation, and making sure that fluids and electrolytes are in balance. In severe cases, dialysis support may only be required for a brief period.

To stop kidney disease or renal failure from getting worse, it's crucial to discover it early and treat it the right way. Intrinsic AKI necessitates interdisciplinary management for optimum recovery and renal preservation.