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Uric acid stones are a type of kidney stone formed when excess uric acid builds up and crystallizes in the urinary tract. These stones commonly develop in people with high-purine diets, dehydration, or metabolic conditions like gout. Uric acid stones typically appear smooth, brownish, and radiolucent on X-rays, making specialized imaging essential for diagnosis.

Symptoms include severe flank pain, blood in urine, frequent urination, burning sensations, and nausea. If untreated, uric acid stones can cause recurrent infections or kidney obstruction. Diagnosis involves urine analysis, blood tests, and imaging such as CT scans or ultrasounds.

Treatment focuses on dissolving small stones and preventing recurrence. Increasing fluid intake, adopting a low-purine diet, and maintaining an alkaline urine pH through medications like potassium citrate are key measures. Large stones may require minimally invasive procedures like lithotripsy or ureteroscopy.

Preventive strategies include dietary control, hydration, limiting red meat, and avoiding alcohol. Early detection and medical supervision help manage uric acid levels effectively, preserving kidney health and preventing future stone formation.