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Typical symptoms include anaemia, excessive calcium levels, kidney malfunction, bone pain—particularly in the spine or ribs—and exhaustion. It can cause weakening of the bones, fractures, and a compromised immune system over time.
Usually using blood testing, urine tests, a bone marrow biopsy, and imaging like X-rays or MRI to find bone abnormalities, diagnosis is A trademark of the condition is the presence of aberrant monoclonal proteins (M proteins).
Treatment choices vary depending on the stage and general health of the patient but could include immunotherapy, corticosteroids, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. Although many people with multiple myeloma can achieve long-term remission with early detection and modern treatments, many others are usually thought to be incurable.
New treatments and tailored treatment regimens meant to increase quality of life and survival results give promise in ongoing research.