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Rising from the squamous cells that comprise the middle and outer layers of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most often occurring skin cancer. Mostly it results from accumulated UV (UV) radiation from tanning beds or the sun. In addition to potentially appearing inside the mouth, on the lips, or in scars and chronic sores, SCC can develop on any area of the skin that is exposed to sunlight—most notably the face, ears, neck, arms, and hands.
SCC usually shows up as a firm, red lump, a scaly patch, or a sore that either does not heal or may bleed readily. Particularly if left untreated, SCC carries more danger of spreading (metastasising) than basal cell carcinoma.
A skin biopsy confirms the diagnosis. Usually in severe cases, treatment consists of surgical excision, Mohs surgery, cryotherapy, topical therapies, or radiation therapy. Immunotherapy could also be taken under consideration for metastatic SCC.
Early discovery significantly enhances the success of therapy. Among the preventive steps are avoiding too much sun, dressing in protective gear, and using broad-spectrum sunscreen. Early detection depends on routine skin examinations, particularly for those with a pale complexion or past heavy sun exposure.