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Usually affecting the joints, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Unlike osteoarthritis, which is caused by wear and tear, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) results from an immune system error that attacks the synovium, the lining of the membranes surrounding the joints. Inappropriate treatment of the condition results in inflammation, oedema, and ultimately joint deformity. Usually affecting the minor joints first—most especially, those in the hands and feet—RA can finally encompass more major joints over time.
Although environmental and genetic elements are thought to have some influence, the precise cause of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is yet unknown. Common complaints are oedema, weariness, joint pain, stiffness—especially in the morning—and occasional low-grade fever. Early diagnosis is essential for both good treatment of the illness and avoidance of joint damage.
Among the several RA treatments on the market are NSAIDs, corticosteroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic medicines. Lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise, a nutritious diet, stress reduction, and smoking cessation, can also support the treatment effects. With proper medical therapy and self-management strategies, many people can have active, fulfilling lives even if RA has no known cure.