Malaria

Transmitted to humans by female Anopheles mosquitoes carrying Plasmodium parasites, malaria is a life-threatening illness. Particularly in portions of Africa, Asia, and South America, it is most common in tropical and subtropical climates.
Five parasite species cause human malaria, with Plasmodium falciparum being the most harmful and potentially lethal. Once within the body, the parasites journey to the liver, develop, then infect red blood cells, causing cycles of fever, chills, sweating, headache, and exhaustion.

Blood tests can help diagnose malaria, and artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) using antimalarial drugs treat the condition. In some areas, drug resistance presents a problem that makes prevention absolutely vital.
Using insecticide-treated bed nets, applying mosquito repellent, dressing in protective gear, and taking prophylactic antimalarial medication when visiting high-risk regions constitute part of preventive actions. Reducing mosquito numbers also comes from environmental control actions, including spraying pesticides and emptying standing water.
Through better access to treatment, vaccines, and community-based prevention initiatives, worldwide efforts headed by groups like WHO seek to eradicate malaria. Saving lives depends critically on early diagnosis and response.