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Mostly in the hands and feet, peripheral neuropathy—a disorder caused by damage to the peripheral nerves—results in symptoms including tingling, numbness, burning sensations, and muscle weakness. Crucially, in their transmission of sensory and motor messages, these peripheral nerves link the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
Peripheral neuropathy can be brought on by diabetes, infections, traumatic traumas, autoimmune illnesses, poisons, and some pharmaceuticals, including chemotherapy agents. The most common cause is diabetes, in which long-term high blood sugar destroys nerve fibres.
Patients with peripheral neuropathy often suffer with mild to incapacitating pain. Symptoms may worsen at night, severely impacting daily activities and movement. Some people could also become sensitive to touch or have muscle weakness and coordination loss.
The diagnosis usually involves a review of medical history, physical exams, blood tests, nerve function tests, and occasionally nerve biopsies.
Although the main goal of treatment is to manage the underlying cause, choices include drugs, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications that can reduce symptoms and enhance nerve performance. Maintaining quality of life and stopping advancement depend on early diagnosis and suitable treatment.