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Glaucoma is a collection of eye illnesses distinguished by rising intraocular pressure (IOP), which can over time compromise the optic nerve. Glaucoma comes in numerous forms; the most often occurring kind is open-angle glaucoma. It happens when clogged drainage channels in the eye cause pressure to build up. Angle-closure glaucoma, another type, is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment due to its abrupt onset.
The risk factors for the disorder include age over 60, a family history of glaucoma, diabetes, high blood pressure, and chronic use of steroid drugs.
Prescription eye drops, oral drugs, laser treatment, or surgery are among the several treatments meant to reduce intraocular pressure. Although glaucoma cannot be cured, early intervention and regular maintenance help greatly slow its development, therefore enabling patients to preserve their eyesight and quality of life.