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Tonsillitis is the inflammation of the two oval-shaped tissue pads at the rear of the throat. Though bacterial infections, especially Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacterium causing strep throat, viral infections—such as the common cold or flu—are often the cause.
Tonsillitis presents as a sore throat, red and swollen tonsils, trouble swallowing, fever, bad breath, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. There may occasionally be white or yellow patches on the tonsils. The condition typically affects young children more frequently than adults.
Usually involving a physical examination, a diagnosis may require a throat sample to pinpoint the aetiology. Treatment varies with the underlying cause; bacterial infections may call for antibiotics, whereas viral tonsillitis often cures itself with rest, water, and painkillers.
If tonsillitis leads to complications such as sleep apnoea or abscesses, or if the episodes are chronic or recurrent, doctors may recommend a tonsillectomy surgical procedure.
Good hygienic habits assist in stopping the virus from spreading by means of frequent hand washing and avoidance of close interaction with sick people. Faster recovery and avoiding problems depend on early diagnosis and correct treatment.