Medical Services

Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs) are a group of conditions involving repetitive self-grooming actions that cause damage to the body and are difficult to control. These behaviors are performed repeatedly despite attempts to stop and often result in physical injury, emotional distress, and reduced self-confidence. BFRBs commonly begin during childhood or adolescence and may continue into adulthood if left untreated.

Common forms of BFRBs include hair pulling (trichotillomania), skin picking (excoriation disorder), nail biting, cheek biting, and lip biting. Individuals may engage in these behaviors during periods of stress, anxiety, boredom, frustration, or deep concentration. Although these actions may temporarily relieve tension, they are often followed by feelings of guilt, embarrassment, or shame.
The exact causes are not fully understood but may involve genetic factors, emotional regulation difficulties, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive tendencies, and environmental stressors. The severity of symptoms varies from mild habits to behaviors that significantly interfere with daily life, social relationships, and emotional well-being.

Treatment focuses on identifying triggers and developing healthier coping strategies. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), particularly Habit Reversal Training (HRT), is considered highly effective. Mindfulness techniques, stress management, family support, and, in some cases, medication can also help individuals reduce repetitive behaviors, improve emotional regulation, and enhance overall quality of life.