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Aortic Valve Stenosis is a serious cardiovascular condition in which the aortic valve becomes narrowed, limiting the flow of oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. This narrowing forces the heart to work harder to pump blood, eventually leading to thickening of the heart muscle and reduced cardiac efficiency. The condition commonly develops due to age-related calcium buildup on the valve, congenital valve abnormalities, or previous rheumatic fever.

In its early stages, Aortic Valve Stenosis may not produce noticeable symptoms. As the disease progresses, patients may experience chest pain, shortness of breath during physical activity, fatigue, dizziness, fainting episodes, or an irregular heartbeat. Without appropriate treatment, severe stenosis can increase the risk of heart failure, stroke, and life-threatening complications.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, echocardiography, electrocardiogram (ECG), chest X-ray, and sometimes cardiac CT scans or cardiac catheterization to assess valve function and severity. Treatment depends on the extent of valve narrowing and symptom severity. Mild cases may require regular monitoring, while advanced disease often requires aortic valve replacement through open-heart surgery or minimally invasive transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Early diagnosis and timely intervention significantly improve long-term heart function, quality of life, and overall survival.