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Cardiac tumors are uncommon abnormal growths that develop within the heart or its surrounding tissues. They can be classified as primary tumors, which originate in the heart, or secondary (metastatic) tumors that spread from cancers elsewhere in the body. Most primary cardiac tumors are benign, with myxomas being the most frequently diagnosed type in adults. Although noncancerous, benign tumors may still interfere with normal heart function by obstructing blood flow, disrupting heart valves, or causing irregular heart rhythms.

Symptoms vary depending on the tumor's size, location, and growth rate. Common signs include shortness of breath, chest discomfort, dizziness, fatigue, fainting, palpitations, or swelling in the legs. In some cases, cardiac tumors remain asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging tests performed for other conditions.

Diagnosis typically involves echocardiography, cardiac MRI, CT scans, and occasionally tissue biopsy to determine the tumor type. Treatment depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant. Surgical removal is often recommended for benign tumors causing symptoms, while malignant tumors may require chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or palliative care alongside surgery.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent complications such as heart failure, embolism, arrhythmias, or obstruction of blood circulation, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.