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Malabsorption syndrome is a disorder of the digestive system in which nutrients from meals are not absorbed by the body. It can alter the absorption of lipids, proteins, carbs, vitamins, and minerals, resulting in poor nutrition and many health concerns. The symptoms can include prolonged diarrhoea, bloating, gas, foul-smelling or bulky stools, stomach discomfort, and unexplained weight loss. In children, it can cause poor growth or failure to thrive. In adults, it can induce weariness, muscular atrophy, weakness, and problems from vitamin insufficiency.

The causes of this syndrome are various and varied and may include coeliac disease; Crohn’s disease; pancreatic illness; infections; lactose intolerance; intestinal surgery; or other injuries to the small intestine or decreases in activity of digestive enzymes. Diagnosis is usually made on the basis of medical history, stool testing, blood tests, radiology, or other studies to identify the reason.

Treatment depends on the cause of the problem. Treatment may include dietary modifications, enzyme replacement, supplements, and treatment of the underlying ailment. Early diagnosis is vital to avoid problems including vitamin deficiencies, infections, and fragile bones.