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Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is a feeding and eating disorder characterized by a persistent limitation in the amount or variety of foods consumed. Unlike eating disorders driven by concerns about body weight or appearance, individuals with ARFID avoid certain foods due to sensory sensitivities, fear of choking or vomiting, lack of interest in eating, or negative experiences associated with food.

People with ARFID may consume only a small range of foods, leading to inadequate calorie intake and nutritional deficiencies. The condition can affect children, adolescents, and adults, and may interfere with normal growth, development, and daily functioning. Common signs include significant weight loss, poor weight gain, dependence on nutritional supplements, fatigue, and difficulty participating in social situations involving food.

The exact cause of ARFID is not always clear, but factors such as anxiety disorders, sensory processing differences, autism spectrum conditions, and traumatic food-related experiences may contribute to its development. If left untreated, ARFID can result in serious health complications, including weakened immunity, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and delayed physical development.

Treatment focuses on improving nutritional intake and expanding food variety through individualized care. Approaches may include nutritional counseling, behavioral therapy, family-based interventions, and psychological support. Early recognition and professional treatment can help individuals achieve healthier eating habits, better nutrition, and improved overall well-being.