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A marginal ulcer is a type of peptic ulcer that develops near the connection between the stomach and small intestine, most commonly after gastric bypass or other stomach surgeries. It occurs when the lining of the digestive tract becomes damaged due to exposure to stomach acid, reduced blood supply, smoking, certain medications, or infection. Patients may experience symptoms such as upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, difficulty eating, or gastrointestinal bleeding. In some cases, marginal ulcers may remain asymptomatic until complications arise.

Several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing a marginal ulcer, including tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and poor adherence to prescribed postoperative medications. Diagnosis is usually confirmed through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, which allows direct visualization of the ulcer and assessment of its severity.

Treatment focuses on reducing stomach acid production with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), protecting the stomach lining, and addressing underlying risk factors. Lifestyle modifications, including smoking cessation and avoiding ulcer-causing medications, play a crucial role in healing and preventing recurrence. Most marginal ulcers respond well to medical treatment, but severe or persistent cases may require surgical intervention. Early diagnosis and proper management are essential to prevent complications such as bleeding, perforation, or narrowing of the digestive tract.