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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in men where the prostate gland gradually enlarges with age. The prostate surrounds the urethra, the tube responsible for carrying urine out of the body. As the gland increases in size, it can compress the urethra and interfere with normal urine flow. BPH is non-cancerous and does not increase the risk of prostate cancer, but it can significantly affect quality of life if left untreated.

Common symptoms include frequent urination, weak urine stream, difficulty starting urination, interrupted flow, nighttime urination, and a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying. In severe cases, urinary retention, bladder infections, or kidney complications may occur. Aging, hormonal changes, obesity, and family history are considered major risk factors for developing BPH.

Diagnosis usually involves physical examination, urine tests, prostate evaluation, ultrasound, and urine flow studies. Treatment depends on symptom severity and may include lifestyle modifications, medications to relax prostate muscles or shrink the gland, and minimally invasive procedures or surgery for advanced cases. Early medical evaluation helps manage symptoms effectively and prevents long-term urinary complications.