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Testicular torsion is
a serious medical emergency that occurs when the spermatic cord
twists and cuts off blood supply to the testicle. This condition
most commonly affects teenagers and young males, although it can occur
at any age. Testicular torsion often develops suddenly and requires immediate
medical treatment to prevent permanent damage or loss of the affected
testicle.
The main symptom is sudden, severe
pain in one testicle, often accompanied by swelling, redness, nausea,
vomiting, and abdominal discomfort. The affected testicle may appear
higher than normal within the scrotum. In some cases, pain may begin during
sleep or after physical activity. Because blood flow is restricted, delayed
treatment can lead to tissue death within hours.
Doctors diagnose testicular
torsion through physical examination, ultrasound imaging, and evaluation of
symptoms. Emergency surgery is usually necessary to untwist the spermatic
cord and restore blood circulation. During surgery, both testicles
are often secured to prevent future twisting. Quick medical attention within
six hours greatly improves the chances of saving the testicle and preserving fertility
and hormonal function.