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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a common condition caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. This narrow passageway is surrounded by bones and ligaments, and when it becomes narrowed or inflamed, pressure on the nerve increases. The condition often develops gradually and is commonly associated with repetitive hand movements, prolonged computer use, or occupations involving vibrating tools.

Typical symptoms include numbness, tingling, burning sensations, and pain in the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger. Patients may also experience weakness in the hand, making it difficult to grip objects or perform fine motor tasks. Symptoms are often worse at night or after extended use of the hand.

Risk factors include diabetes, obesity, pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis, and hypothyroidism. Early diagnosis is important to prevent permanent nerve damage. Treatment options range from conservative approaches such as wrist splints, activity modification, and anti-inflammatory medications to physical therapy and corticosteroid injections. In severe cases, surgical release of the transverse carpal ligament may be required to relieve pressure on the nerve and restore function.