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An ankle sprain is a common musculoskeletal injury that occurs when the ligaments supporting the ankle are stretched or torn, usually due to sudden twisting or rolling of the foot. It frequently happens during sports activities, walking on uneven surfaces, or accidental missteps. The severity of a sprain can range from mild ligament stretching (Grade I) to partial tearing (Grade II) or complete rupture (Grade III).

Typical symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, tenderness, and difficulty bearing weight on the affected foot. In more severe cases, instability of the ankle joint may also be present. Diagnosis is usually based on physical examination, though imaging like X-rays or MRI may be used to rule out fractures or assess ligament damage.

Treatment depends on the severity but commonly includes rest, ice application, compression, and elevation (RICE). Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications may help reduce discomfort. Rehabilitation exercises are crucial to restore strength, flexibility, and balance, preventing future injuries.

If not properly managed, ankle sprains can lead to chronic instability or repeated injuries. Early care and appropriate physiotherapy significantly improve recovery outcomes and help individuals return safely to their daily activities or sports.