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Stress Fracture: An overuse injury that results in a small break or significant bruising within a bone. It occurs when excessive strain is placed on a bone over time while bearing weight. It most often affects weight-bearing bones such as the tibia, metatarsals, heel, and hip. Athletes, runners, military personnel, and others who suddenly increase their activity levels are more susceptible to stress fractures.
Pain is localised to the affected area and worsens with activity.

Tenderness -Mild swelling. Pain that is relieved by rest may return with activity. Poor footwear, weak bones, and nutritional inadequacies (such as low calcium or vitamin D) are also risk factors. Underlying diseases include osteoporosis.

The diagnosis usually involves a physical exam and imaging studies, such as X-rays, MRIs, or bone scans, to confirm the fracture. Timely detection is key to preventing the harm from progressing. Treatment typically includes rest, restriction of weight-bearing activity, supportive shoes, bracing, and physical therapy. Surgery may be required in difficult situations.

To avoid stress fractures, people should gradually build up their training, eat a healthy diet, keep their bones healthy, and wear the right shoes. Most stress fractures completely heal with proper treatment and adequate recovery time, allowing patients to safely resume their typical activities and sports programs.