Melasma (pregnancy Mask)

Melasma is a frequent acquired condition of skin pigmentation characterised by the appearance of symmetrical brown, grey-brown or dark patches. It generally appears on sun-exposed areas, particularly on the cheeks, forehead, nose and upper lip. It is a condition where the melanocytes (cells that create pigment) overproduce melanin, causing uneven skin discolouration.

It is more common in women and especially during pregnancy, hence the name, the “mask of pregnancy". Hormonal changes, excessive sun exposure, hereditary inclinations, some medicines, and thyroid problems are all contributing factors to its development. Ultraviolet Radiation is a primary cause and often aggravates existing melasma.

Diagnosis is clinical and supplemented by technologies such as a Wood’s Lamp to determine the depth of the pigment. Treatment aims to reduce pigmentation and avoid recurrence. Popular choices include topical medicines like hydroquinone, retinoids, azelaic acid, chemical peels, laser therapy, and oral drugs in specific instances. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen daily to prevent it from getting worse. Melasma is harmless, but it may be very embarrassing and impact your confidence. That is why it is crucial to treat it early and consistently for better long-term skin improvement.