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Maternal Anemia is a condition in which a pregnant woman has lower-than-normal levels of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. During pregnancy, the body requires extra iron, folic acid, and vitamins to support the growing baby and increased blood production. When these nutrients are insufficient, anemia can develop. Iron deficiency is the most common cause, although vitamin B12 deficiency, infections, chronic diseases, and excessive blood loss may also contribute.

In severe cases, maternal anemia can increase the risk of premature delivery, low birth weight, infections, and complications during childbirth. It may also affect the baby’s growth and oxygen supply inside the womb.

Diagnosis is usually made through blood tests that measure hemoglobin and iron levels. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. Iron-rich foods such as spinach, beans, meat, dates, and fortified cereals are often recommended along with iron and folic acid supplements. In severe cases, blood transfusions or additional medical treatment may be necessary. Regular prenatal checkups, balanced nutrition, and timely treatment are essential to maintain the health of both mother and baby during pregnancy.