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Chronic wounds and
ulcers are skin injuries that fail to go through the normal stages of
healing in the expected time period, usually weeks or months. Acute wounds are
wounds that heal fast. Chronic wounds are those that do not heal due to
some underlying medical problems like diabetes, venous insufficiency, poor
blood circulation or recurring trauma. The most common types are pressure
ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers and venous leg ulcers. Each of these types of
ulcers has its own challenges for patients and health care providers.
These wounds can
significantly impact quality of life by causing pain, infection and reduced
mobility. Often a chronic wound will not heal because of insufficient
nutrition, poor oxygen delivery, or systemic disease that prevents the body
from restoring tissue. Effective management is multidisciplinary and includes wound
washing, infection control, pressure relief and advanced methods such as skin
grafting or negative pressure wound care.
Prevention is particularly
important for people who are at high risk. Regular check-ups, appropriate
footwear, a nutritious diet and good circulation can help to prevent
ulcers from developing. If treated early and with good care, many chronic
wounds can be successfully treated to provide comfort and avoid serious
consequences.