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Menstrual hormonal imbalance occurs when the levels of estrogen, progesterone, and other reproductive hormones fluctuate abnormally, disrupting the menstrual cycle and overall well-being. It can cause irregular or missed periods, unusually heavy or painful bleeding, severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS), mood swings, acne, fatigue, and weight changes in women of reproductive age.

Common underlying triggers include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, stress, poor diet, excessive weight loss or gain, and certain medications. Left untreated, a persistent hormonal imbalance may affect fertility, bone health, and increase the risk of long-term metabolic issues.
Diagnosis usually involves a detailed history, blood tests for hormone levels, and sometimes a pelvic ultrasound to rule out structural problems. Management focuses on lifestyle changes (balanced diet, regular exercise, stress management), hormonal contraceptives if appropriate, and specific treatments for conditions like PCOS or thyroid disease under medical supervision.