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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder marked by insulin resistance and problems with insulin production. Type 1 Diabetes is caused by the immune system destroying insulin-producing cells. Type 2 Diabetes, on the other hand, develops slowly and is commonly associated with being overweight, not exercising, and having a family history of the disease. As insulin loses its effectiveness, glucose builds up in the blood, causing hyperglycaemia and problems that last a long time.

Symptoms may include increased thirst, frequent urination, exhaustion, sluggish wound healing, and hazy vision; however, many people don't show any signs of the disease at first. Diagnosis usually happens in adults, but more and more children are being diagnosed since more and more kids are becoming overweight.
Management primarily involves lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and monitoring your weight. Doctors often give people oral drugs like metformin, and in more serious situations, insulin therapy may be needed. To prevent complications such as heart disease, neuropathy, retinopathy, and kidney damage, it is crucial to consistently monitor blood glucose levels.

Digital health tools, continuous glucose monitoring, and personalised treatment plans are among the recent improvements. Type 2 diabetes can't be cured, but people can live healthy, active lives if they manage it well. Preventive measures, including sustaining a healthy weight and an active lifestyle, continue to be fundamental in mitigating risk.