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Hostile Cervical Mucus is a disease that makes the cervical mucus less friendly to sperm, which makes it less likely that fertilisation will happen. During ovulation, cervical mucus changes throughout a cycle, becoming thin, clear, and elastic to help sperm travel into the uterus. But in this case, the mucus could be thick, acidic, or have antibodies that make it harder for sperm to move or kill sperm cells.

Hormonal abnormalities, especially low oestrogen levels, infections, inflammation, or immunological reactions with antisperm antibodies, can all make cervical mucus hostile. Some drugs and previous cervical surgeries may also change the quality of mucus, potentially leading to an inhospitable environment for sperm and contributing to infertility issues.

Women usually have no noticeable symptoms, but infertility may be suspected if they have regular ovulation and normal semen characteristics but still don't get pregnant. Postcoital testing, cervical mucus analysis, and laboratory testing for antisperm antibodies are some of the ways to diagnose.

The treatment depends on what caused the problem. It could include oestrogen medication to make mucus thicker, antibiotics to treat infections, or assisted reproductive techniques like intrauterine insemination (IUI), which skips the cervical environment. Effective management can greatly improve reproductive results.