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Neonatal arrhythmias are heart rhythms that are not normal in infants. They can be harmless or very dangerous. These problems can include tachycardia (rapid heart rate), bradycardia (slow heart rate), or patterns of rhythm that are not regular. Some common kinds are sinus tachycardia, premature atrial contractions, supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), and total heart block. Many neonatal arrhythmias are temporary and go away on their own, but some need to be diagnosed and treated right away.

There are several possible causes, such as congenital cardiac problems, electrolyte imbalances, low oxygen levels, infections, or maternal factors such as autoimmune illnesses or exposure to drugs during pregnancy. Sometimes, arrhythmias are idiopathic, which means there is no clear reason for them. Clinical signs may include poor feeding, lethargy, cyanosis, or trouble breathing, or they may be found by chance during normal monitoring.

Diagnosis usually includes an electrocardiogram (ECG), continuous cardiac monitoring, and an echocardiogram to look at the heart's structure and function. How to treat an arrhythmia depends on what kind it is and how bad it is. Some benign disorders may merely need to be watched, whereas more significant arrhythmias may necessitate drugs, cardioversion, or pacing.

Early diagnosis and proper care are very important to avoid problems and obtain favourable results in affected newborns.