Low Birth Weight (LBW)

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is when a baby is born weighing less than 2,500 grams (2.5 kg), no matter how far along they are in their pregnancy. It is a major public health issue since it raises the risk of newborn illness and death. Low birth weight (LBW) can happen when a baby is born too early (before 37 weeks of pregnancy) or when the baby doesn't grow enough in the womb (intrauterine growth restriction, or IUGR).

Many things might cause LBW in mothers, including not eating well, having anaemia, getting infections, smoking, drinking alcohol, and having long-term health problems like high blood pressure or diabetes. Socioeconomic variables, restricted access to prenatal care, and maternal stress are also significant contributors.

Babies with LBW generally have trouble keeping their body temperature stable, breathing, eating, and getting infections. In the long run, they may be more likely to have developmental delays, heart problems, and metabolic illnesses like diabetes.
Prevention is all about making sure mothers are healthy by eating a balanced diet, going to frequent check-ups before giving birth, and staying away from drugs and alcohol while pregnant. Early detection and proper care for newborns, such as specialised care in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), can make a big difference in the health of LBW babies.