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Sandhivata, in Ayurveda, refers to a degenerative joint disorder primarily caused by the aggravation of Vata dosha. It closely correlates with osteoarthritis, a condition characterized by the gradual wear and tear of joint cartilage, leading to pain and restricted movement. With advancing age, Vata naturally increases, making joints more vulnerable to degeneration.

The primary causes of Sandhivata include aging, excessive physical activity, obesity, joint injuries, improper diet, and lack of nourishment to joint tissues. These factors lead to dryness and depletion of “Shleshaka Kapha,” the lubricating component within joints, resulting in friction and deterioration.

Common symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, crepitus (cracking sounds), reduced flexibility, and difficulty in movement, especially after periods of rest. Knees, hips, hands, and spine are most commonly affected.

Ayurvedic management focuses on pacifying Vata and restoring joint lubrication. Treatments include Abhyanga (oil massage), Swedana (fomentation), and Basti (medicated enema), which help reduce stiffness and improve mobility. Herbal remedies such as Shallaki, Guggulu, and Ashwagandha are commonly used for their anti-inflammatory and rejuvenating properties.

A Vata-pacifying diet rich in warm, nourishing foods, along with regular gentle exercise, yoga, and weight management, plays a crucial role. Early intervention helps slow progression and enhances joint function.