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A sebaceous cyst, sometimes called an epidermoid or epidermal inclusion cyst, is a harmless bulge that grows slowly under the skin. It usually happens when a hair follicle or skin gland gets blocked, which causes keratin and oil to build up inside a sac-like structure. These cysts can show up anywhere on the body, although they are most prevalent on the face, neck, scalp, back, or trunk. They are usually spherical, firm, and painless, but they may become sore, red, or swollen if they are infected.

Sebaceous cysts are not malignant and don't usually cause any problems. But they could get bigger over time or make you seem bad. Sometimes, the cyst can break open and release a thick, bad-smelling liquid. Trauma to the skin, acne, or blocked sebaceous glands are all things that can make the problem worse. Diagnosis is often clinical, relying on physical examination.

You don't always need to treat a cyst until it hurts, gets infected, or disturbs you. Antibiotics for infection, incision and drainage, or complete surgical excision to stop the infection from coming back are all options. To stop the cyst from growing back, it is important to remove the wall properly. Sebaceous cysts have a high chance of getting better with the right care, and they rarely cause major problems.