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Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) abnormalities associated with tumours are infrequent yet clinically significant illnesses that can profoundly affect the jaw functionality, face symmetry, and overall quality of life of patients. Tumour-related TMJ issues can arise from benign neoplasms such as osteochondromas, chondroblastomas, or synovial chondromatosis, as well as malignant entities like osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, or metastatic lesions. These tumours can infect the joint directly, create subsequent degenerative alterations, or exert mass influence, resulting in pain, limited mouth opening, malocclusion, or oedema. Patients frequently exhibit progressive trismus, joint discomfort, facial asymmetry, and occasionally crepitus or clicking sounds. Panoramic radiographs, CT scans, and MRIs are all important for finding the exact location of a tumour, describing it, and arranging surgery.

Histopathological assessment validates the diagnosis and directs treatment. The main goal of treatment is to remove the tumour completely while keeping the joint working. In certain instances, joint reconstruction employing autografts, alloplastic prostheses, or distraction osteogenesis may be requisite to re-establish shape and function. Rehabilitation after surgery, which includes physiotherapy and occlusal adjustment, is essential for getting the best results. Maxillofacial surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, and physiotherapists work together to make sure that patients get the best care possible. To avoid permanent joint dysfunction and facial deformity, it is important to find a tumour early and treat it quickly. This shows how important it is to be aware of tumour-related TMJ issues in clinical practice.