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Parotid gland tumors are the most common neoplasms of the salivary glands, arising within the largest salivary gland located anterior to the ear. These tumors may be benign or malignant, with nearly 70–80% being benign. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most frequently encountered benign parotid tumor, followed by Warthin’s tumor. Malignant variants include mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and acinic cell carcinoma.

Benign tumors typically show well-defined margins and gradual enlargement, whereas malignant lesions may exhibit rapid growth, pain, facial nerve weakness, skin fixation, or cervical lymphadenopathy. Facial nerve involvement is a key indicator of malignancy and warrants urgent evaluation.

Diagnosis relies on detailed clinical examination supported by imaging modalities such as ultrasonography, CT scan, or MRI to determine tumor extent and relation to the facial nerve. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is widely used for preoperative assessment. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment, most commonly in the form of superficial or total parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation when feasible. Adjuvant radiotherapy may be indicated in high-grade or advanced malignant tumors. Early diagnosis ensures favorable outcomes and reduces morbidity.